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Reasons for Iran’s Support of the Saudi-Pakistani Defense Agreement
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In remarkable developments within the Middle Eastern security sphere, the signing of the “Strategic Mutual Defense Agreement” between Pakistan and Saudi Arabia in September 2025 elicited a positive response from the Islamic Republic...
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The Looming Water Crisis in MENA
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Water scarcity has become the Middle East and North Africa’s defining constraint—undermining growth, stability, and governance. With over 6% of the world’s population but only 1% of its freshwater, the region faces deepening...
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Between Pragmatism and Jihad: The Fragile Power Balance in Post-Assad Syria
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After the fall of Bashar al-Assad, Syria remains torn between the pragmatism of Ahmad al-Sharaa and the jihadist zeal of his allies. The fragile balance of power reveals how internal fractures may reshape...
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The Middle East in the United States’ Vision for Peace and Implications for the Regional Order
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The peace frequently mentioned by the American administration is still something we must wait for. What is now needed is a clear vision and a joint effort by regional actors under strong leadership,...
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The Kurds of Iraq Face New Realities in a Changing ME Landscape
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The regime change in Syria, the downsizing of Iran, and the end of the Gaza War, three epochal developments of the Middle East coming in fast succession, raise the unresolved issues of the...
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Call for Papers
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We are pleased to announce Khayrion’s Second Annual International Conference. As part of our commitment to regional engagement, the conference location changes each year—bringing together scholars and professionals from across Central Europe and beyond....
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UAE Trade Agreements: Economic Cooperation through Diversification 
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CEPA serves to build the UAE's international position and strengthen its status as a regional middle economic power. Over the years, the Arab Gulf states have demonstrated a commendable commitment to economic diversification...
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Israel’s Attack on Qatar: Implications for the Persian Gulf Security Order
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Israel's attack on Qatar occurred while the Persian Gulf security order in recent years, and prior to Hamas's October 7, 2023, attack on Israel, was known for indicators such as the expansion of...
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Europe Attempts to Square the Circle to Ease Its Troubled Conscience
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It is too early to say if the historic move to recognize the Palestinian State by England, France, Belgium, and Portugal will make any tangible difference for the Palestinian people, chafing under the triple...
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Questioning Egypt’s Military Posture 
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Considering the unstable circumstances the Middle East region is currently going through, many residents of the region have started questioning the military capabilities of their countries. Egypt, as a major country in the...
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